Grebeg Maulud (Translation 2)

Grebeg Maulud, Puncak Acara Sekaten



Acara Sekaten yang diadakan untuk memperingati Maulid Nabi Muhammad SAW diakhiri dengan acara Grebeg Maulud.

Grebeg adalah upacara adat berupa sedekah yang dilakukan pihak kraton kepada masyarakat berupa gunungan.

Kraton Yogyakarta dan Surakarta setiap tahun mengadakan upacara grebeg sebanyak 3 kali, yaitu Grebeg Syawal pada saat hari raya Idul Fitri, Grebeg Besar pada saat hari raya Idul Adha, dan Grebeg Maulud atau sering disebut dengan Grebeg Sekaten pada peringatan Maulid Nabi Muhammad.

Menilik sejarah, kata “grebeg” berasal dari kata “gumrebeg” yang berarti riuh, ribut, dan ramai. Tentu saja ini menggambarkan suasana grebeg yang memang ramai dan riuh.

Gunungan pun memiliki makna filosofi tertentu. Gunungan yang berisi hasil bumi (sayur dan buah) dan jajanan (rengginang) ini merupakan simbol dari kemakmuran yang kemudian dibagikan kepada rakyat.

Pada upacara grebeg ini, gunungan yang digunakan bernama Gunungan Jaler (pria), Gunungan Estri (perempuan), serta Gepak dan Pawuhan.

Gunungan ini dibawa oleh para abdi dalem yang menggunakan pakaian dan peci berwarna merah marun dan berkain batik biru tua bermotif lingkaran putih dengan gambar bunga di tengah lingkarannya. Semua abdi dalem ini tanpa menggunakan alas kaki alias nyeker.

Gunungan diberangkatkan dari Kori Kamandungan dengan diiringi tembakan salvo dan dikawal sepuluh bregada prajurit kraton sekitar pukul 10 siang.

Dari Kamandungan, gunungan dibawa melintasi Sitihinggil lalu menuju Pagelaran di alun-alun utara untuk diletakkan di halaman Masjid Gedhe dengan melewati pintu regol.

Saat berangkat dari kraton, barisan terdepan adalah prajurit Wirabraja yang sering disebut dengan prajurit lombok abang karena pakaiannya yang khas berwarna merah-merah dan bertopi Kudhup Turi berbentuk seperti lombok.

Sebagai catatan, prajurit Wirabraja memang mempunyai tugas sebagai “cucuking laku”, alias pasukan garda terdepan di setiap upacara kraton.

Kemudian ketika acara serah terima gunungan di halaman Masjid Gedhe, prajurit yang mengawal adalah prajurit Bugis yang berseragam hitam-hitam dengan topinya yang khas serta prajurit Surakarsa yang berpakaian putih-putih.



Setelah gunungan diserahkan kepada penghulu Masjid Gede untuk kemudian didoakan oleh penghulu tersebut, gunungan pun dibagikan.

Namun belum selesai doa diucapkan, gunungan pun sontak direbut oleh masyarakat yang datang dari seluruh penjuru Jogja. Yang memprihatinkan, banyak sekali nenek-nenek yang ikut berebut gunungan.

Memang ada kepercayaan dari masyarakat bahwa barangsiapa yang mendapat bagian apa pun dari gunungan tersebut, dia akan mendapat berkah.



Filosofi berebut atau “ngrayah” ini menggambarkan bahwa untuk mencapai suatu tujuan, manusia harus “ngrayah” atau berusaha untuk mengambilnya.

Bahkan beberapa warga masih terlihat mengais sisa-sisa yang ada. Seorang mbah-mbah yang berasal dari Bantul mengatakan bahwa potongan kacang panjang yang didapatnya akan dia simpan untuk mendatangkan keamanan dan ketentraman di rumahnya.

Seorang pemuda yang hanya mendapatkan bambu-bambu sisa rangka gunungan berkata akan menyimpan bambu tersebut dalam gerobak mi ayamnya dengan tujuan untuk penglaris.

Acara rebutan gunungan inilah yang biasanya menjadi daya tarik para wisatawan, baik domestik maupun asing.

Di sekitar, banyak wartawan dari media elektronik maupun para fotografer dengan kamera berlensa pralon bertebaran. :))

Fred, seorang turis asal Austalia yang saya tanya nampak antusias dan berkata, “it’s amazing! it’s beyond of my expectation..”, sambil menenteng kamera videonya.

Duh, saya ngiler sama bule cewek di sebelahnya yang pakaiannya.. =p~

Dengan berakhirnya acara Grebeg Maulud ini, usai sudah acara perayaan Maulud Nabi Muhammad yang diwujudkan dalam acara Sekaten.

Lomba Film Dokumenter Muktamar Seabad Muhammadiyah

Lomba Film Dokumenter

Alamat Sekretariat:
Kantor Pimpinan Wilayah Muhammadiyah DIY
Jalan Gedongkuning 130 B, Yogyakarta

Latar Belakang
Dokumenter saat ini telah menjadi materi yang sangat menarik dalam perkembangan dunia audio-visual, baik film maupun video.

Video dokumenter merupakan sebuah karya kreatif yang berisi laporan aktual dari sebuah kenyataan.

Sekian tahun perjalanan dan dinamika Muhammadiyah, sangat menarik untk menjadi bahan dokumenter video.
tema & fokus
Topik:
“Peran Kader Muhammadiyah dalam Kehidupan Bermasayarakat & Bernegara”
Tema
“Perjuangan untuk bangsa dan kehidupan membutuhkan ketegaran dan iman”
Fokus
Kegiatan-kegiatan Muhammadiyah dan kadernya pada bidang: kesehatan, pendidikan, sosial, pemberdayaan ekonomi, dan dakwah.
tujuan lomba
Mendokumentasikan secara kreatif beberapa kader Muhammadiyah yang sangat teguh dan kukuh berjuang untuk kehidupan.

Memperlihatkan perjuangan para kader sebagai bahan yang bisa dijadikan panutan dan tuntunan.

Memberikan ruang pada masyarakat luas untuk menuangkan gagasan kreatifnya pada media dokumenter.
ketentuan umum
Peserta lomba adalah WNI yang berumur minimal 17 tahun (dibuktikan dengan fotokopi KTP, SIM, Kartu Mahasiswa, atau Passport).
Lomba dibuka kepada semua warga negara tanpa membedakan agama, pendidikan, pekerjaan, jenis kelamin, profesi, dan lain-lain.
Hasil lomba dokumenter akan dinilai dewan juri dan akan dipilih 3 karya terbaik dan 10 karya unggulan.
Keputusan Dewan Juri bersifat mengikat dan tidak dapat diganggu-gugat.
Lomba dimulai sejak tanggal pengumuman iklan dan ditutup tanggal 30 Mei 2010.
ketentuan khusus
Karya dokumenter yang diikutkan merupakan karya perseorangan, bukan jiplakan atau karya orang lain (dikuatkan dengan lampiran surat keterangan karya sendiri dengan menempelkan meterai).
Judul dan isi dokumenter harus relevan dengan topik, tema, dan fokus yang telah disarankan.
Peserta hanya diijinkan mengirimkan maksimal 2 judul.
Materi dokumenter dalam format DVD (dikirim 4 keping).
Durasi karya berkisar antara 15 – 30 menit.
Hak Cipta karya dokumenter tetap pada pembuat, akan tetapi panitia memiliki hak pakai (putar) secara umum.
Karya dikirimkan ke Panitia Lomba Dokumenter Seabad Muhammadiyah, d.a. Kantor Pimpinan Muhammadiyah Wilayah DIY, Jalan Gedongkuning 130B, Yogyakarta.

hadiah

Juara I : Uang tunai Rp. 7.500.000,- + Piagam
Juara II : Uang tunai Rp. 6.000.000,- + Piagam
Juara III : Uang tunai Rp. 4.500.000,- + Piagam
3 Karya Unggulan masing-masing mendapat:
Uang tunai rp. 1.000.000,- + Piagam.

Yogyakarta, 31 Maret 2010
Penanggung Jawab

R. Muh Ali, S.S. (email address: alitranstv@yahoo.com)
Drs. RM Koes Yuliadi

Materi (2)Kuliah English Journalism, Kamis, 29 April 2010

1.
Susno presented Whistle Blower Award
The Jakarta Post, Jakarta | Wed, 04/21/2010 9:34 PM | National
A | A | A |
Former National Police detective chief Comr. Gen. Susno Duadji was granted on Wednesday the Whistle Blower Award from the Community of Anti-Bribery Employers in Jakarta.

“This award marks a start to a journey toward a clean Indonesia,” Susno, who revealed case brokering practices within the police force last month, was quoted by tempointeraktif.com after receiving the award.

According to event’s coordinator Mahdizar, Susno topped the list of candidates for the award with 165 votes from participants of the community's seminar and a Facebook-generated polling.

Susno beat among others National Mandate Party founder Amien Rais, former Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle politician Agus Condro Prayitno and Constitutional Court chief Moh. Mahfud MD.

Mahdizar said the award presentation would be held every two months in order to encourage more people to dare to unveil corruption cases.

2.
Police claim to have strong grounds to detain Misbakhun
The Jakarta Post, Jakarta | Tue, 04/27/2010 1:06 PM | Headlines

The National Police defends the arrest of House of Representatives lawmaker Muhammad Misbakhun of the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS), saying he is facing document forgery charges, which carry eight years in maximum jail sentence according to the Criminal Code.

Spokesman for the National Police, Insp. Gen. Edward Aritonang, said Tuesday the lawmaker was detained to facilitate an investigation into his case.

“The investigators cannot help detaining him, otherwise they will find difficulties in collecting evidence. The maximum jail sentence he faces allows the investigators to detain him,” Edward said as quoted by kompas.com.

Misbakhun was arrested on Monday night after a questioning as a suspect in connection with his alleged fictitious letter of credit in Bank Century worth US$ 22.5 million. The politician was one of nine lawmakers who sponsored a House inquiry into the government policy to bail out Bank Century in November 2008 which the legislative body later declared a flaw.


3.
Selasa, 27/04/2010 10:11 WIB
Jupe, Calon Bupati Yang Kontroversial
detikForum - detikhot


Jakarta Pencalonanan Julia Perez sebagai calon bupati Pacitan mengundang banyak kontroversi. Untuk meredam itu semua, artis yang akrab disapa Jupe ini melakukan safari ke daerah pemilihannya, Pacitan.

Dalam kunjungannya ke Pacitan, Jupe yang kerapkali tampil seksi dalam setiap penampilannya mengenakan kerudung saat bertamu ke sebuah pesantren. Taktik ini biasa dilakukan para pejabat menjelang pemilihan baik pilkada mau pun disaat pemilu.

Selain itu, bintang film 'Hantu Jamu Gendong' ini juga mengunjungi Stadion Citra Mandiri, Kikil, Pacitan. Kedatangannya ke sana untuk membuka pertandingan bola antar klub lokal. Perempuan yang memiliki sekolah sepakbola itu menyempatkan diri berfoto dengan kedua tim lokal.

Layaknya pejabat dalam kunjungannya, Jupe menjanjikan kepada warga Pacitan untuk menjadikan kota kelahiran Presiden SBY tersebut seperti Monako. Jupe tidak pesimis dengan niatnya itu. Ia pun ingin sekali membuat Pacitan terkenal di dunia.

Namun langkah Jupe bukan tanpa hambatan. Sebagian kalangan menilai bahwa artis sepanas Jupe tidak layak menjadi wakil bupati, tetapi tidak sedikit pula yang menyatakan bahwa Jupe, sebagai warganegara, juga punyai hak yang sama untuk dipilih.

Sebelumnya, Mendagri Gamawan Fauzi mengatakan pemerintah akan memasukkan syarat tambahan bagi para calon kepala daerah dalam pilkada, yakni wajib mempunyai pengalaman berorganisasi dan tidak boleh cacat moral. Cacat moral yang dimaksud Gamawan salah satunya adalah tidak pernah berbuat mesum atau berzina. Namun Gamawan membantah aturan ini untuk menjegal Jupe maupun Maria Eva dalam Pilkada Pacitan dan Sidoarjo.

Anjing menggonggong kafilah tetap berlalu, mungkin begitu prinsip Jupe untuk terus maju menjadi calon wakil bupati Pacitan. Bagaimana peluang Jupe untuk menjadi wakil Bupati? Simak dan diskusikan terus di detikForum!

Materi Kuliah English Journalism, Kamis, 29 April 2010

ATTENTION:
-Please u download this material. U may add the material from other sources. Please always check this blogg because I will send other material.
-Print the material, add to ur portfolio, and bring them to the class tomorrow.
-Please come to the class on time. We will have some guests: Lecturer from UNES, and other lecturers from UAD.
- Please be active in class. Don't worry about ur English.
- Ttg "Lembar Refleksi Mahasiswa", harap diisi berdasar pengalaman Anda mengikuti kuliah Kamis kemarin (Media and Society). Sebab, Ada bbrp yg mengisi tidak berdasar pengalaman saat kuliah, tetapi berdasar teori belajar dan pembelajaran. So, once more, please fill based on ur last week learning experience.





What Are The Seven News Values?
Taken from: http://www.uncp.edu/home/acurtis/Courses/ResourcesForCourses/NewsValues.html


We often speak of seven news values held by news media gatekeepers – impact, timeliness, prominence, proximity, bizarreness, conflict, and currency.

Impact: The number of people whose lives will be influenced in some way by the subject of the story. For instance, a bakery strike may have less impact than a postal strike.

Timeliness: Recent events have higher news value than earlier happenings. Of particular value are stories brought to the public ahead of the competition. These are known as scoops.

Prominence: For the same occurrence, people in the public eye have higher news value than obscure people. For example, we cared that Magic Johnson had AIDS, while an ordinary citizen with AIDS would not have commanded the attention of the national news media.

Proximity: Stories about events and situations in one's home community are more newsworthy than events that take place far away. For example, journalists assess the value of a news item reporting tragic deaths by comparing the number of deaths with the distance from the home community. For instance:
if 1,000 persons drown in a flood in a faraway country, the story has about the same news value as a story describing how 100 persons drowned in a distant part of the United States.
• In turn, that 100 person story has about the same news value as a story concerning 10 flood victims within our own state.
• Finally, a story about those ten victims has about the same value as a story describing a flood which drowns one person in our local community.
Bizarreness: A classic example of this is dog-bites-man vs. man-bites-dog. Man-bites-dog is more bizarre. Dog-bites-man usually is not news.

Conflict: Strife is newsworthy.

Currency: More value is attributed to stories pertaining to issues or topics that are in the spotlight of public concern rather than to issues or topics about which people care less. Stories come and stories go. For example:
 At the beginning of the 1990s, there were stories about the First Gulf War, the Savings and Loan Crisis, and Senate confirmation hearings on Clarence Thomas for the Supreme Court.
 As time passed, those stories became less interesting and were replaced by the Los Angeles Riots, the Miami hurricane, the new World Wide Web, a comet colliding with Jupiter, and the presidential elections.
 In turn, those stories were replaced by Somalia, Bosnia, O.J., Haiti.
 In 1997, the death of Princess Diana, the Hong Kong handover, Pathfinder on Mars, cloning, McVeigh and the Oklahoma City bombing, and Big Tobacco money.
 In 1999, JFK Jr. died in a plane crash, the Clinton impeachment trial, Microsoft monopoly, war over Kosovo, Columbine school shooting, and The Millennium, followed In the 2000s by 9/11 and the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.
 In 2004, the stream of earlier stories were replaced by the President's vision of travel to Mars, same-sex marriage, the hanging of American contractors in Iraq, evidence of water on Mars, the Madrid train attack, the Iraq prison abuse scandal, the 9/11 Commission findings, hurricane Charley, the Olympics in Greece, hurricane Frances, high gas prices, hurricane Ivan, Fallujah, hurricane Jeanne, the presidential debates.
 And so on...

Materi Kuliah English Journalism, Kamis, 29 April 2010

The Culture Concept

The Culture Concept
A Brief History of the Culture Concept.

________________________________________
Anthropology began as a specialized discipline in the 19th century within a theoretical school called evolutionism. This approach was related to the dominant Darwinist and, more importantly, social Darwinist paradigms of the period. Evolutionists proposed a developmental framework for recording and interpreting cultural variations around the world and understanding them in relation to contemporary Victorian standards. Culture was reduced to separable traits, which were collected by travellers, traders, and missionaries and collated by "armchair anthropologists" in much the same way as natural specimens and fossils. Grand catalogues of these items were used to chart the stages of the human cultural development under an assumption that some traits were representative of earlier or more "primitive" historical periods. This view ultimately rested on a racial theory that these progressively arranged cultural differences were attributable to unequal genetic propensities and endowments among peoples.
The theses of early anthropology are evident in Edward Tylor's 1871 work, Primitive Culture, which includes the first formal definition of culture:
Culture or Civilization, .... is that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.
The telling point of this definition is that, although labelled a whole, culture is actually treated as a list of elements. In effect, culture traits were understood as representing one of a series of stages of mental and moral progress culminating in the rational society of industrializing England.
Although most of these prejudices about non-Western peoples are still with us, anthropologists have thoroughly repudiated the 19th century approach as an expression of racialism and ethnocentrism, the practice of interpreting and judging other cultures by the values of one's own. Franz Boas, an early 20th century anthropologist, was instrumental in this reversal of perspective and laid out the ground rules for the modern anthropological orientation of cultural relativism. This approach rests on four major postulates, which directly confront the evolutionist position.
1. Cultural aspects of human behaviour are not biologically based or conditioned but are acquired solely through learning.
2. Cultural conditioning of behaviour is ultimately accomplished through habituation and thus acts through unconscious processes rather than rational deliberation, although secondary rationalizations are often offered to explain cultural values.
3. All cultures are equally developed according to their own priorities and values; none is better, more advanced, or less primitive than any other.
4. Cultural traits cannot be classified or interpreted according to universal categories appropriate to "human nature". They assume meaning only within the context of coherently interrelated elements internal to the particular culture under consideration.
Taken from: http://www.umanitoba.ca/faculties/arts/anthropology/courses/122/module1/history.html
April 9, 2010

Translation I, C2

Judicial corruption team to meet with Attorney General today

Eny Wulandari , The Jakarta Post , Jakarta | Wed, 01/06/2010 11:08 AM | National

Members of the newly formed judicial corruption team will meet with the Attorney General Hendarman Supandji on Wednesday afternoon to coordinate with the Attorney General's Office (AGO) to plan the team's tasks.

AGO spokesman Didiek Darmanto told journalists that the team would discuss with the Attorney General after attending a meeting with regional police chiefs at the National Police and the inauguration of deputy ministers and cabinet secretary at the Presidential Palace.

“There will be three [members of the team, namely], Kuntoro Mangkusubroto, Denny Indrayana and Mas Achmad Santosa, who will be present at the AGO,” Didiek said.

President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono gives two years for the team led by Kuntoro to evaluate legal institutions in their efforts to fight court mafia and solve corruption cases.